中国古典文学
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水墨画：中式庭院——月门、亭子，落花飘在池上，一道折桥。

册三 · 红楼 · 约公元1791年

红楼梦：族谱与十二钗

紅樓夢

贾府就是剧情本身：谁是谁的娘，决定了谁能嫁谁、谁哭谁。先展开枝叶，再读金陵十二钗的册子——那些预言每个女子结局的判词，连同注解。下面有名有姓的人物各有册页：肖像、行事之前已写下的判词、按回目编排的大事记，直到结局。

册叶 金陵葉子

全部 40 幅册叶都在这一列。左右滑动，点一张放大，再用方向键或拖拽翻看其余。

依明代饮酒叶子的传统为本站新绘的水墨解读——既非历代肖像，也不是任何版本的扫描。

宁荣二府 寧榮二府

#册姓名称号身份·职分为何立此叶
1当家 当家贾宝玉 Jia Baoyu怡红公子 Contemplation of Red荣国府二房的宝二爷Born with a jade in his mouth and judged his family's ruin at his first birthday: he worships the girls of the house, saves none of them, and gives the jade back.
2正冊 正册林黛玉 Lin Daiyu潇湘妃子 Xiaoxiang Consort绛珠仙草The register opens by folding her into Baochai's page: the sharpest wit in the house, spending itself to pay off a debt contracted before she was born.
3正冊 正册薛宝钗 Xue Baochai蘅芜君 Lady of Aralia金锁Prudence, propriety and a locket cut to match a piece of jade: she is the bride the household votes for, and the register buries her gold pin under its own snow of duty.
4正冊 正册贾元春 Jia Yuanchun凤藻宫尚书 Prefect of the Phoenix-Scroll Palace贤德妃The consort whose one permitted visit home buys the garden the whole novel lives in, and who calls the palace a place of danger and a gilded prison.
5正冊 正册贾探春 Jia Tanchun蕉下客 Guest Beneath the Plantains秋爽斋The concubine-born daughter with a manager's hand on the tiller: she sees the house going under, patches what she can reach, and is carried off before the patch holds.
6正冊 正册史湘云 Shi Xiangyun枕霞旧友 Old Friend of the Cloud Pillow英豪阔大Loud, frank, found drunk on a stone step under the peonies: the register gives her orphanhood in one clause and then scatters her like clouds over the Xiang water.
7正冊 正册妙玉 Miaoyu槛外人 One Outside the Rails栊翠庵A nun who means to burn the cup a guest drank from and signs her card One Outside the Rails: her leaf carries the register's coldest line, purity sunk in muck.
8正冊 正册贾迎春 Jia Yingchun菱洲 Water-Caltrop Islet二木头Nicknamed Blockhead by the servants for never crying out when pricked: her leaf is the register's plainest warning that a gentle girl is not safe in a house that can sell her.
9正冊 正册贾惜春 Jia Xichun藕榭 Lotus Terrace青灯古佛The girl who paints the garden and then walks out of it: the only leaf in the main roll where the flight from the house is chosen, brush in hand, rather than suffered.
10正冊 正册王熙凤 Wang Xifeng凡鸟 Common Bird凤辣子The manager who runs money, servants and funerals: the register files her under a riddle — common bird, the character for phoenix taken apart — standing on a mountain of ice.
11正冊 正册贾巧姐 Jia Qiaojie大姐 Big Sister, her name before it was changed荒村野店The baby of the roll, whose fate turns on one small kindness her mother did not mean as one: the leaf that pays a debt of hospitality in a house that paid nothing else.
12正冊 正册李纨 Li Wan稻香老农 Old Farmer of Paddy Fragrance凤冠霞帔Jia Zhu's widow, living in a cottage of thatch and paddy-smell out of the household's way: her verse grants her everything, far too late to be anything at all.
13正冊 正册秦可卿 Qin Keqing兼美 Combined Beauty警幻之妹She shows Baoyu the register, keeps his secret, and dies: the leaf on which the poem stops hinting and says the ruin began in the Ning house, not the Rong.
14副冊 副册香菱 Xiangling秋菱 Autumn Caltrop英莲Lost as a toddler in the novel's own opening and sold back into the family she was taken from: she heads the second roll, proof the register reaches below the Twelve.
15又副冊 又副册晴雯 Qingwen芙蓉女儿 Daughter of the Hibiscus霁月Prettiest and sharpest-tongued of Baoyu's maids: the third roll gives her a clear moon nobody catches and a coloured cloud nobody holds.
16又副冊 又副册花袭人 Xiren珍珠 Pearl, the name she came in with花气袭人Loyal, prudent and the register's torn sleeping mat: the maid who gets everything she asks for and keeps least of all, since her verse gives her an actor instead of a master.
17当家 当家贾母 Grandmother Jia史太君 Lady Shi, the Dowager荣国府老太君The house's last real authority: she fetched the orphan Daiyu to Jinling, shelters Baoyu from her son's bamboo, and keeps her gold in her own rooms.
18当家 当家贾赦 Jia She大老爷 the Eldest Master荣国府袭爵的长房He inherited the higher rank and none of the weight: a First Class General with an empty purse who beats his own heir for calling him a shabby extortioner.
19当家 当家贾政 Jia Zheng二老爷 the Second Master荣国府二房的当家人The Confucian discipline the novel cannot make work: a careful, dull official who reads his son as a ruinous dandy and beats him within an inch of the jade.
20当家 当家邢夫人 Lady Xing大太太 the Eldest Madam荣国府长房的续弦Jealous, penurious and always second: she hunts a maid for her husband, is scolded for it in public, and takes her only revenge with a purse found in the grass.
21当家 当家王夫人 Lady Wang太太 the Madam of the second house荣国府二房的当家媳妇The gentlewoman who kills with propriety: two maidservants die on her conscience, and the marriage she arranges to save her son's wits destroys her own niece.
22当家 当家贾珍 Jia Zhen珍大爷 the Chief Master of Ning宁国府当家的族长He rules the elder branch and treats the rule as a licence: no mourning, no banquet, no daughter-in-law of his own house is beyond him, and the house pays for all of it.
23当家 当家尤氏 Lady You珍大奶奶 Mistress Zhen of Ningguo宁国府的当家奶奶Ningguo's housekeeper and the only person in it with manners: she buries her father-in-law single-handed, and takes the storm that her husband's behaviour raises.
24当家 当家贾琏 Jia Lian琏二爷 Second Master Lian荣国府长房的办事人The family's fixer: he carries a funeral south, washes his father's crimes in silver, marries a woman outside the gate, and loses her to his wife without a protest.
25当家 当家薛蟠 Xue Pan呆霸王 the Obstinate Tyrant, his byname金陵薛家的公子The rich fool the plot needs twice: he bought one girl and had her first buyer killed for her, then married the shrew who finishes what his own temper started.
26当家 当家赵姨娘 Concubine Zhao赵姨娘 the Zhao Concubine, Jia Zheng's bond-wife荣国府二房的妾母The concubine the house despises and none of them can silence: she hires a witch against her step-son's life, and ends raving, burning paper to the dead she made.
27当家 当家贾环 Jia Huan环三爷 Third Master Huan荣国府二房的庶子The spare child the book dares to make ugly: he spills a candle on his brother's face, tells a lie that nearly gets him killed, and is never asked to account for it.
28当家 当家薛姨妈 Aunt Xue姨妈 the maternal aunt, née Wang寄居荣国府的薛家长辈The well-meaning aunt with money and no grip: she lodges her family in the Jia estate, spoils the son who wastes it, and gives her daughter to a wedding built on a trick.
29丫鬟 丫鬟鸳鸯 Yuanyang大丫头 Head Maid of the Dowager贾母首席侍女She is the only person in the house who can say no to an old master to his face, and she pays for the refusal the moment her protectress dies.
30丫鬟 丫鬟平儿 Ping'er通房丫头 Jia Lian's Maid-Concubine贾琏之妾 · 凤姐心腹Married to one tyrant and servant to another, she spends the book quietly overturning their sentences, and is paid with the only promotion a servant can be given.
31丫鬟 丫鬟紫鹃 Zijuan贴身丫头 Daiyu's Confidante黛玉的首席侍女A servant who loves her mistress past what the house allows: she tells one cruel lie to learn whether Baoyu's grief would be real, and it nearly kills them both.
32丫鬟 丫鬟金钏 Jinchuan大丫鬟 Head Maid of Lady Wang王夫人房中大丫头One whisper at a sleeping mistress's bedside costs her her life; her death is how Baoyu learns that his tenderness is something other people are destroyed for.
33丫鬟 丫鬟芳官 Fangguan小优伶 Girl Actress of the Troupe十二优伶之一Bought as a child to sing at an imperial reception and set to carrying water, she answers every insult with noise, and the house answers by shaving her head.
34丫鬟 丫鬟龄官 Lingguan小旦 Young Actress of the Troupe梨香院女旦She refuses to sing on command even for an imperial consort, then spends a rainy afternoon tracing another man's name in the ground where no one is meant to see.
35当家 当家刘姥姥 Granny Liu乡下老亲 Poor Relation from the Village两进荣府的老亲She sells herself as a clown to feed a family, and the book's one unembarrassed act of gratitude is hers: the great house, with all its thousands, found nobody else.
36当家 当家秦钟 Qin Zhong情友 Friend of the Schoolroom可卿之弟 · 宝玉塾友The first boy Baoyu ever envies for being beautiful, and the first death he attends: their friendship lasts sixteen chapters and ends in an argument about taking examinations.
37当家 当家贾瑞 Jia Rui塾师之孙 Grandson of the Schoolmaster贾代儒之孙A penniless kinsman who mistakes one woman's politeness for an opening, and is taught better twice over by a punishment that keeps working after she has forgotten his name.
38当家 当家尤二姐 You Erjie二姨 Jia Lian's Secret Second Wife贾琏偷娶的外室Taken as a hidden second wife by a man who cannot rule his own household, she trusts the match to be decent and is destroyed by a house that has only one mistress in it.
39当家 当家尤三姐 You Sanjie小妹 The Ungovernable Younger Sister尤氏继母之女The only woman in the book who chooses her own husband, and the only one who kills herself over it in the front courtyard: she gets a chapter and a half for both.
40当家 当家薛宝琴 Xue Baoqin义女 Adopted Daughter of Lady Wang贾母膝下的新客Everything the house is about to lose arrives in her at once — travel, health, verse, an old woman who wants her for a daughter — and she is safely promised to somebody else.

贾氏族谱 賈府

金陵十二钗 金陵十二釵

其中 15 人有自己的册叶，判词全文题在大事记之上；下列册页的行，按第五回册子的原样收着缩写的对句。

姓名判词注解结局
Lin Daiyu & Xue Baochai可叹停机德，堪怜咏絮才。玉带林中挂，金簪雪里埋。Alas the virtue that stopped the loom, alas the wit of the willow-catkin; a jade belt hangs in the forest, a gold pin lies buried in snow.one dies of grief, one marries into an empty room
Jia Yuanchun二十年来辨是非，榴花开处照宫闱。三春争及初春景，虎兕相逢大梦归。Twenty years judging right from wrong; pomegranate bloom lights the palace. Yet the three springs cannot match the first — when tiger and rhinoceros meet, the great dream ends.dies in the palace as the house falls
Jia Tanchun才自精明志自高，生于末世运偏消。清明涕送江边望，千里东风一梦遥。Bright of talent, high of aim, born as the house declines. At Qingming, tears by the river — a thousand li of east wind, one far dream.married far away, never returns
Shi Xiangyun富贵又何为，襁褓之间父母违。展眼吊斜晖，湘江水逝楚云飞。What good was wealth, when her parents died in her infancy? In a blink she mourns the setting sun — the Xiang river runs off, the Chu clouds fly.widowed young, life scattered
Miaoyu欲洁何曾洁，云空未必空。可怜金玉质，终陷淖泥中。She sought purity — was she ever pure? She called emptiness — was it ever empty? Pity the gold-and-jade substance, sunk at last into the mire.carried off when the house falls
Jia Yingchun子系中山狼，得志便猖狂。金闺花柳质，一载赴黄粱。Her husband is the wolf of Zhongshan, savage once he prevails. A golden-bower flower-and-willow frame — one year, and she goes to the millet dream.abused to death within a year of marriage
Jia Xichun勘破三春景不长，缁衣顿改昔年妆。可怜绣户侯门女，独卧青灯古佛旁。She saw through the three springs' short scene; a nun's black robe replaces her old adornment. Pity the embroidered-door marquis's daughter, alone by a green lamp and an old Buddha.becomes a nun
Wang Xifeng凡鸟偏从末世来，都知爱慕此生才。一从二令三人木，哭向金陵事更哀。A common bird (凡鸟 = 鳳) come in the house's last age; all loved her talent. First obey, then order, then dismiss — weeping back to Jinling, her case more sad.dismissed, dies as the house collapses
Jia Qiaojie势败休云贵，家亡莫论亲。偶因济刘氏，巧得遇恩人。When power fails, speak not of rank; when the house falls, speak not of kin. By chance, because her mother helped old Liu, she meets her benefactor.saved by Granny Liu, marries a farmer
Li Wan桃李春风结子完，到头谁似一盆兰？如冰水好空相妒，枉与他人作笑谈。Peach and plum in spring wind bear their seed and end; who at the last is like a single pot of orchids? Ice-cold virtue, water-fine — all for nothing, a tale for others' talk.son succeeds; she gains nothing
Qin Keqing情天情海幻情身，情既相逢必主淫。漫言不肖皆荣出，造衅开端实在宁。A phantom body in the sea and sky of passion; where passion meets, lust presides. Say not that all fault springs from Rong — the first breach was made in Ning.dies early; the house's first crack

Before you start reading 先讀這三頁

What happens, in five bands of chapters

The 120 chapters cut into five bands, each with what turns in it and whose leaf carries it. The ending is at the end, where chapter 5 already put it.

How many pages, how many evenings

Chapter counts for the Chinese, page and word counts for the English edition most readers buy, and the arithmetic that turns them into sittings.

Which English translation to read

The two complete versions, what each one is trying to do, how each renders the names you will meet on these leaves, and the free partial one.

Why Jia Huan tipped the lamp on Baoyu

The chapter-25 scalding: what happened in Lady Wang's room, the jealousy behind it, who took the scolding, and the curse it led to before the day was out.

The Jia family tree, explained

The two houses of the Jia clan laid out generation by generation — who rules each, who marries in, and where Baoyu, Daiyu and Xifeng actually sit.

The first maid Baoyu's house lost

Before Jinchuan and Qingwen made expulsion famous, there was Xueqian — dismissed offstage after the maple-dew tea of chapter 8, and gone by chapter 20.